December 2010

MANAGEMENT participation of the local and the consolidated financial

MANAGEMENT COMPANIES 'participation of the local and the consolidated financial
by 31.12.2010 the advice of local authorities should make the recognition of its subsidiaries to see if there are prerequisites for their maintenance, in If not you must start the process for the sale of the units or shares, or the liquidation of the company pursuant to art. 3 paragraphs 28 and 29 of Act 244 of 2007 (Budget 2008).
must take this constraint as an opportunity for a different legislative management of the subsidiaries of the local authority.
The different management of the subsidiaries has to do with: Knowledge of the structure

Overview    Purpose social
Normative References

Compensation    Composition
corporate bodies corporate

Staff    Assignments external
Purchases from associated companies
 Other

knowledge events and Expires
 Event Management  Corporate
Schedule
 Reporting 
attendance fees
knowledge of economic, financial, capital of the subsidiaries
 Income statement and balance sheet items PEG
  Designed
Purchases
  Attachments
Consolidated
knowledge of the dashboard management subsidiaries
 Request data to the financial statements every three months
 Consolidate the individual companies, groups, and the entity attraverso un unico e riclassificato bilancio
 Gestione degli indicatori (ROE – ROI etc…)
 Gestione degli indicatori di qualità
 Controllo della efficacia e dell’efficienza dell’azione aziendale
 Budget e scostamenti periodici
 Rispondenza del servizio alle esigenze della cittadinanza e all’obiettivo del servizio

Uno strumento essenziale per la gestione delle partecipate è il consolidamento dei dati amministrativi e gestionali.
Nell’ultimo decennio, all’incirca, la massiccia esternalizzazione di servizi e fun¬zioni da parte degli enti locali ha determinato la formazione di vere e proprie hol¬ding, with a proliferation of subjects in the head, however, partially or to ¬ so, to those organizations, though distinct in their economic and legal subjectivity.
Beyond these issues, certainly relevant to the local chief are also obligations relating to its public nature, as such, subject to those provided by public finance, and in particular the Stability Pact.
Decentralisation took place at group level has brought out of the budget of the institution, a document crucial to the definition of financial balance between revenue and expenditure fi ¬ tions, relevant to the stability pact, a number of finan ¬ cial movements that consequently, those elusive terms in the same, on the other hand, the pro ¬ proliferation of autonomous subjects in both legal and economic sense, each with its own budget does not allow a more substantive vision of reality which belongs to the parent entity, both financially and economically and balance sheet, an applicant for ¬ give a unitary representation, which summarizes in a systematic way, the many existing partial reality.
diversity, both in financial terms the budget drawn up by the parent, like the same statement and account of equity is to include only a part of operations in any way related to the activity carried out by the same globalmen ¬ you, not including quelle effettuate dai soggetti parteci¬pati, che possono condurre alla nascita di passività occulte, da porsi poi a carico del¬la collettività.
Lo strumento atto ad evitare ciò, costituito appunto dal bilancio consolidato, non ha sinora conosciuto, nell’ambito pubblicistico, a differenza di quello civilistico, un utilizzo sistematico, né una particolare attenzione da parte del legislatore e degli organi istituzionali, anche se, ultimamente, si è andata accentuando l’attenzione volta al recepimento di tale strumento tra le modalità rappresentative dei gruppi lo¬cali.
In questo senso anche la Magistratura contabile, secondo un percorso comunque consolidato, ha da ultimo sostenuto, nella deliberazione No 14/2010 Section re ¬ gional control for Piedmont, indispensability of a consolidation of accounts at the level of holding local still, in the resolution section of the autonomy of June 30, 2010, No 14 on the survey on the phenomenon of investments in companies and other organizations by provinces and municipalities, the Judges of the Court emphasized that, as repeatedly requested by them, in the Code of auto ¬ economies is no requirement for the consolidated financial statements in terms of economic competence.
The first normative references to consolidated financial statements have taken place in our civil order in ¬ tion, where the Law of 7 June 1974 n. 216, all’art. 3, at¬tribuiva alla Consob il potere di prescrivere la redazione di bilanci di gruppo per le società quotate.
Soltanto con il D.Lgs. 9 aprile 1991, n. 127, attuativo della VII Direttiva Cee, l’u¬tilizzo ditale strumento ha conosciuto tuttavia una maggior diffusione, ivi indican¬dosi, a mezzo dell’art. 25, i soggetti obbligati in proposito, mentre il successivo art. 27 ne stabiliva i vari casi di esonero .
Debbono comunque essere escluse dal consolidamento quelle imprese la cui attività` presenti delle caratteristiche talmente disomogenee con le altre da rendere non ve¬ritiera e corretta la rappresentazione della situazione finanziaria, economica e patri¬moniale dell’intero gruppo.
Erano previsti poi, già inizialmente, casi di esclusioni facoltative, sia dovuti alla loro irrilevanza a fini informativi sia per particolari situazioni, come nel caso in cui una controllata fosse soggetta a procedure concorsuali, oppure fosse posseduta soltanto temporaneamente, sia, infine, allorché non fosse possibile attingere conveniente¬mente le informazioni necessarie per procedere al consolidamento (art. 28, c. 2).

Le fonti normative nel Tuel

A fronte di un quadro normativo iniziatosi nell’ambito civilistico, anche il D.Lgs. 18 agosto 2000, n. 267 - il Tuel - ha riservato talune disposizioni in merito, seppur di carattere soltanto dispositivo e non imperativo, quali:
— l’art. 152 dello stesso, laddove si prevede, al c. 2, che il regolamento di conta¬bilità assicuri, in generale, la conoscenza dei risultati globali delle gestioni relative ad enti e organismi costituiti per l’esercizio di funzioni e servizi;
— l’art. 172 successivo, che, al c. 1, lett. b), include, tra gli allegati al bilancio di previsione, le risultanze dei rendiconti o conti consolidati delle unioni di comuni, aziende speciali, consorzi, istituzioni e societàdi capitali, costituite per l’esercizio di servizi pubblici, relativamente al penultimo esercizio antecedente a quello cui si riferisce il preventivo stesso;
— l’art. 230 ancora successivo, che, al c. 6, prevede la possibilità che il regolamen¬to di contabilità dell’ente possa prevedere la redazione di un conto consolidato - sep¬pur in termini soltanto patrimoniali - relativamente alle attività interne ed esterne. A parte, pertanto, la disposizione normativa del citato art. 172 del Tuel, questo ri¬manda ogni rappresentazione di tipo consolidato all’autonomia regolamentare del¬l’ente, che può comunque integrare, in tal modo, quella richiesta dal dettato norma¬tivo medesimo.
Come già accennato inizialmente, nella già citata deliberazione della Corte dei conti n. 14/Aut/2010, i Giudici hanno ricordato come nel nuovo Codice delle autonomie - a differenza del Tuel - il bilancio statements, prepared in terms of eco ¬ nomic competence will no longer be the subject of mere possibility, but a clear obligation in place by legislation, the local authority.
The consolidated financial statements in terms of economic capital involves the consideration of the principles and methods of consolidation, in addition to defining the scope of consolidation itself. The latter is represented by companies whose financial statements, in terms of economic and financial, must be considered in drafting it.

apply to this end the positions referred to in Article .26 Decree No. 127/1991 and for local authorities arise from this point of view, the additional, specific issues.
It is however provided an indication of additional information to be included in the notes accompanying the balance sheet and income statement. In this regard, there is, in fact, the opportunity to have further informed that ¬ is, being the individual companies to lose all its explicit reference to, sing ¬ budget.
The consolidation, as indicated in Art. 31 of the said Legislative Decree no. 127/1991, are still in line with those of accountancy, providing that every consular post ¬ date, both in terms of equity relating to that statement, it appears, in general, equal to the sum of those emerging from similar correlative of financial statements budgets of the subjects included in the consolidation thereof.
This consolidation operation in any case requires the elimination of certain bit of ste ¬ antithetical value within the group: a reconciliation to only one of all those belonging to this, means, in fact, the preservation of only rap ¬ ports established with third parties, involving at the same time, extinction, to confusion, that between the various actors in them. This happens to
- mutual receivables and payables between the parties included in the consolidation, which cancel out in terms of assets, assuming no value in terms of consolidated - Income and Expenditure incurred between the same parties, which, representing the period of economic components of opposite sign for each of these are intended to offset in the consolidated income statement, which also have zero effect on the homonymous result;

the investments held by the parent company in the capital of the subjects included in the consolidation, which, being placed representative of the net ¬ que sti, are intended to elide following the determination of a single net with ¬ solid, unless the emergence of positive or negative with respect to its value accounting, referred to below.
As for the methods of consolidation, the Legislative Decree no. 127/1991, integrated with the accounting interni e internazionali, consente l’individuazione di tre metodo¬logie contabili per il consolidamento dei bilanci dei soggetti appartenenti a un grup¬po :
— il metodo integrale;
— il metodo proporzionale;
— il metodo del patrimonio netto.
Quest’ultimo non rappresenta, in realtà, un vero e proprio metodo di consolidamen¬to, non giungendo all’unificazione dei vari bilanci e alla conseguente eliminazione delle partecipazioni, ma limitandosi alla valutazione di queste ultime, che perman¬gono nel patrimonio del soggetto capogruppo, ad un valore corrispondente, in ter¬mini proporzionali, a quello assunto dal netto della partecipata medesima.
Quanto ai criteri full or proportional consolidation, the existence of en ¬ trambi requires - which essentially always the case sought - that the subject ¬ jet parent does not have all of the equity participation of the subjects participated ¬ you, becoming otherwise the two methods coincide with each other.
The presence, in fact, interests of third parties, the applicant usually involves the re ¬ over two possible, different consolidation procedures:
- the sole consideration of accounting items of the financial statements of them ¬ Mitat Part refers to the percentage of ownership the parent entity, not including the remainder. It would be to implement, thereby, a division of the virtua ¬ economic values \u200b\u200band assets at each actor involved, attributing them to the parent company in proportion to the share owned by them, while the remaining minority interests, would be entirely foreign to the consolidation same ¬ know (the proportional consolidation method, implementing proprietary theo ¬ ry);
- inclusion in the consolidation is also part of the minority, that would be ver ¬ thus regarded as an integral, though distinct, group I ¬ Desimir (full consolidation method, under the entity theory) . This last method involves a distinction in the consolidated net income, with special evi ¬ denziazione than that of minority, like profits due to this and total elimination of transactions taking place within the same group. In this regard, both internal and international accounting standards - including the Accounting Standard No 4 - still prefer to use the procedure of consolidation, which is then used to represent that fact to ¬.

The consolidated financial statements in the local holding company presents some additional problems, mainly arising from the diversity of subjects inclu ¬ ders in the consolidation, which often adopt different accounting, together with assessment criteria in mind ¬ balance sheet items is also different from ¬ adopt those results dall’ente locale capogruppo.
A differenza dell’ambito civilistico, infatti, nel quale si tratta di soggetti strutturati esclusivamente sui modelli societari, normalmente di capitali, nelle holding locali si ritrovano, accanto a questi, anche aziende speciali, fondazioni e associazioni da essi costituite o partecipate.
La riconduzione ad unitarietà di tali differenti realtà genera pertanto delle problema¬tiche peculiari, in

relazione alla difformità sia degli schemi contabili utilizzati sia degli stessi criteri di valutazione. A tal proposito, il citato Principio contabile n. 4 intende privilegiare l’adozione dei criteri valutativi prevalentemente adottati dalle società partecipate, di tipo civil law, rather than those proposed by Legislative Decree no. 267/2000. However, there remain

of operational difficulties, linked to the already mentioned presence of more non-structured according to the corporate model, while the pre ¬ without assets are sometimes not reproducible certainly makes it more difficult to achieve a consistent evaluation.
In the aforementioned decision of the Court of Auditors No 14/Aut/2010 also the Magi ¬ layers of accountants have also drawn attention to the need to adopt a single chart of accounts for the subsidiaries and parent entities, in order to uni ¬ form the content of the correspondence the related balance sheet items.
Overcoming these problems in a uniform manner, in the light of the appropriate principles, generally accepted, however, may allow the execution of this instrument, failing which, otherwise, a fragmentation of information, insufficient to represent the reality of the entire local group in its actual balances and eviden ¬ ziandola, however, in only partial.
The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires the unification of both the income ¬ chemical that of the balance sheets of the subjects included in the relative ¬ is first determining the aggregate total value resulting from the sum of the individual and the parent subject ¬ jet others considered, and proceeding then the determination of the consolidated real, minus the ones to be eliminated according to the principles of consolidation.
On the other hand, the character is not yet mandatory in the consolidated balance sheet may allow, at first, his only reference to entities structured as a company, perhaps limited only to equity investments to further charac ¬ tere totalitarian. The Judiciary
book, moreover, as already mentioned, has had the opportunity to comment on: the Regional Chamber of Control for Piedmont, already there ¬ tata Resolution No 14/2010, compared to a specific request for an opinion in this sen ¬ I, clarified that at present there no obligation to represent by means of a consolidated balance sheet - not yet regulated - the overall situation of the local group, it does not, therefore, a unitary configuration of the relation ¬ tive debt, even in light of new structural parameters deficitarietà into force in 2010 .
This is, however, a particularly important aspect, which the editorial ¬ it may make disclosure of the consolidated financial statements should be considered essential, but also by the courts have pointed out the validity of this instrument for the rap ¬ presentation of economic, financial and patrimonial the entire local group.
the judges themselves, in this regard, they have reiterated the need for continuous monitoring of the individuals involved, via an action of management and supervision of their activities and also to remember the presence in Tuel, a body of provisions ¬ tions which refer to a representation of the consolidated still be put in place by 'parent entities, including that of the parties involved-you, to what you can now add your thoughts on mandatory that the consolidated financial statements will be to take into perspective.
The outsourcing of functions and services locally, by these entities, has also determined the effects on compliance with the Stability Pact, in respect of which become irrilevanti una moltitudine di movimentazioni finanziarie che, escluse dal bilancio finanziario dell’ente capogruppo, rientrano esclusivamente nel¬l’alveo dei bilanci economici dei soggetti partecipati.
A tal proposito, l’art. 19, c. 1, del D. L. 1º luglio 2009, n. 78, convertito, con mo¬dificazioni, dalla legge 3 agosto 2009, n. 102, aveva previsto l’emanazione, a mezzo di un apposito decreto attuativo, delle modalità e della modulistica per l’assogget¬tamento delle societa` partecipate dagli enti locali al patto di stabilità medesimo. Suc¬cessivamente, l’art. 15, c. 1, lett. f), del D. L. 25 settembre 2009, n. 135, a sua volta convertito con modificazioni dalla Law of 20 November 2009, No 166, was limited to only those procedures in-house foster local public services, of which the ¬ art. 23a of the DL June 25, 2008, No 112, as well as by the Law of 6 August 2008, No 133, conversion of the same, and smi
The implementing regulation of the latter - the Presidential Decree No 7 September 2010 168 - confirmed, art. 5, which are subject to the Stability Pact's foster in-house by local public services, under the Code. 3) and 4) of article. 23 a thereof.

awarding institution may only be assigned a supervisory role in this regard, while the detailed rules on the forms will be defined within the attuazione delle dispo¬sizioni di cui all’art. 2, c. 2, lett. h), della giàcitata legge n. 42/2009, in materia di bilancio consolidato.
I dati emergenti da questo, redatto in termini economico -patrimoniali, si riferiscono tuttavia, per loro natura, alla competenza economica, diversamente, pertanto, da quelli rilevanti per il patto di stabilità, calcolati invece sulla base della loro compe¬tenza finanziaria.
La traduzione dei primi nei secondi implicherebbe pertanto una riconciliazione op¬posta a quella prevista nel prospetto di conciliazione; ciò, tuttavia, limitatamente a quelli ritraibili dal conto economico consolidato, che potrebbero essere tradotti in entrate e spese correnti dell’ente capogruppo.

The data emerging from the consolidated balance sheet, foreign economic management ¬ AC current, rather represent the values \u200b\u200bof stock and not flow and is therefore not pos ¬ is, in itself, make it possible to portray those of related movements: what sareb be ¬ only possible by providing additional data related to these, emerging from the consolidated cash flow statement, which is one of the supplementary information accompanying the consolidated financial statements the same. CONCLUSIONS

The Council of Ministers approved a legislative decree is in the knowledge that the harmonization of accounting and financial statements of entities is essential to meet the needs informative connesse all’attuazione del federalismo fiscale
In questo decreto è fra l’altro previsto che i bilanci delle regioni e degli enti locali dovranno essere redatti secondo regole contabili uniformi che prevedono fra l’altro l’adozione , accanto al sistema di contabilità finanziaria in uso presso gli enti, della contabilità economica – patrimoniale e che le amministrazioni che detengono quote e partecipazioni in aziende e società dovranno consolidare i propri conti con quelli delle partecipate e il Bilancio di gruppo dovrà essere redatto entro il 30 giugno.
Speriamo sia la volta buona .

babywearing: some reflections

It 's been just over a year since we started using the baby sling, and just over a year since we have chosen to "embrace" (it must be said !) practice the philosophy of bringing small- .

Thirteen months, to be exact, made of close contact with our star, made of cuddles and caresses exchanged without greed, without fear of quell'irrazionale to raise a child within the "flawed", deflected by so much love ...

One year, yes, sometimes challenging, tiring, why bring your child to say, well beyond the strictly physical pick it , contain it, and before each else, I think, welcome .

Bring my daughter approached me more than anything in this dimension of motherhood : taught me to make me safe and warm over'll lap time of gestation intrauterine cavity to become educated me where my baby could resonate in order to grow happy and strong, a creature in harmony with itself and with the world.

Holding I experienced on my body, my daughter, I felt more my own, the nearest thing that helped me a lot in the early days after birth, when I had the impression that care quell'idillio that a baby was not in my heart I had imagined, but a long and hard where the nerves are sometimes put to the test ...

Bring Alessandra helped me to tune into her needs its , crying on his first so inexplicable and no way out for me. ("But why are not born with instruction booklet?" I asked myself)

band The infant carrier , in particular, was a holy hand with the odious colic infant despair that so did my baby , but also with the ' breastfeeding , the beginning, let's face it, it was not all roses ! Even today I remember the endless feedings, the fissures of the first day, the engorgement ... If nothing else, bringing Alex, everything was much more practical and easier to manage.

But the band, which then over time had become mei tai, and then in band ring, we came to the rescue even after the pain came the teeth of the first and the famous "crisis of the eighth month ... I later discovered not to be a myth, anything!

on up through the months went by we got to first steps of our little one, that while he wanted to walk and discover the world alone, then rushed into the arms of mom and dad to find rest and comfort ... Which ally better than a band ring, which, trusted, no matter where you followed the stock market?

... And we got today, that our girl is 14 months and runs, jumps, laughs, dances.

I realized that we take less and less, Miss, because now wants to go out with her legs walking alone, and of course let us choose freely. Of course, when you want to come in tired arm, and then check out of the bag's inseparable best!

I must admit that I feel so much nostalgia every time I open the cupboard and find the elastic band, I think that my baby is growing, which is already not that happy little bundle who was sleeping close to his mother, and then I would go back irrationally for a little 'back in time to relive those moments again ... But, of course, are unique moments!

do not regret anything about my experience as a mother kangaroo, anything, go back I would do the same choices, and recommend it to all expectant mothers to choose to bring their children from the first day of life. Because lead is first and foremost, I believe, an act of love .